Apr. 1974, Joined Economic Planning Agency, the Government of Japan

June 1995, Director, Social Research Division, Social Policy Bureau, Economic       Planning Agency

July 1997, Director, Overseas Research Division, Research Bureau, Economic Planning Agency

June 1998, Director, Price Policy Division,  Price  Bureau,  Economic  Planning Agency

July 1999, Vice President, Policy Research Institute, Ministry of Finance

July 2002, Executive Research Fellow, Economic and Social Research Institute, Cabinet Office

Apr. 2004, Chief Economist, Daiwa Institute of Research, Ltd.

Apr. 2012, Professor, School of Political       Science  and Economics, Waseda University

Mar. 2015, Present position