Danny SHECHTMAN

发布时间：2013-03-29 13:44:20  浏览次数：542665  来源：博鳌亚洲论坛

2011年诺贝尔化学奖得主

在以色列海法科技大学获得博士学位后，达尼埃尔·谢赫特曼成为俄亥俄州莱特·帕特森空军基地航空航天研究实验室的NRC（国家研究委员会）研究员，并在此从事了三年的研究工作。1975年，他加入了海法科技大学材料工程系，至今仍是该学院的特聘教授。在1981-2004年间，他曾在约翰·霍普金斯大学度过数次安息日学术休假（与NIST（曾名为NBS）的联合项目）。在此期间，他利用透射电子显微术(TEM)发现了二十面体物相，开辟了准周期性晶体的新研究领域，并促进了其他课题的研究。2004年，他还担任了美国爱荷华州立大学机械科学与工程专业以及爱姆斯国家实验室的教授。他目前致力于研发适用于多种用途的具有强度和塑性的镁合金以及 B2金属互化物的变形机制。谢赫特曼是几个学术机构的成员，包括美国国家工程学院和以色列科学院。他是全球多个专业学会的荣誉会员，曾荣获多个奖项，包括物理学沃尔夫奖、瑞典皇家科学院爱明诺夫奖、欧洲材料研究学会（EMRS）奖和2011诺贝尔化学奖。

2011 Nobel Prize Laureate in Chemistry

After receiving his doctorate studies at the Technion in Haifa, Israel, Danny Shechtman was an NRC fellow at the Aerospace Research Laboratories of Wright Patterson AFB, Ohio, where he performed research for three years. In 1975 he joined the Department of Materials Engineering at Technion where he is currently a Distinguished Professor. During 1981-2004 he was several times on Sabbatical at the Johns Hopkins University, (joint program with NBS-NIST). During this period he discovered by TEM the Icosahedral Phase which opened the new science of quasiperiodic crystals and performed research on other subjects. As of 2004 he is also a Professor at MSE and Ames Lab, Iowa State University. His current research efforts center on developing strong and ductile magnesium alloys for a variety of applications, and deformation mechanisms in B2 intermetallics. Shechtman is a member of several Academies, including the US National Academy of Engineering and the Israel Academy of Sciences. He is an Honorary Member of professional societies around the globe and was awarded many prizes including the Wolf Prize in Physics, the Gregori Aminoff Prize of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, the EMRS award and the Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2011.